KEPENTINGAN SOKONGAN MEMPENGARUHI IMPLIMENTASI INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DI SEKOLAH: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIK LITERATUR

(The Importance of Support in Influencing the Implementation of Digital Technology Integration in Schools: A Systematic Literature Review)

Abstrak

Implementasi integrasi teknologi digital dalam kalangan guru sekolah aliran perdana di negara Malaysia memerlukan usaha untuk dikaji secara sistematik berkenaan dengan topik berkaitan. Penglibatan murid dalam teknologi digital terutama melalui pembelajaran sama ada di dalam atau di luar bilik darjah memerlukan guru yang gigih dan positif menerima cabaran dalam perubahan pendidikan abad ke-21. Objektif kajian ini bertujuan menjalankan kajian literatur secara sistematik untuk (1) meninjau implementasi integrasi teknologi digital dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran. (2) Meneroka permasalahan yang dihadapi apabila melibatkan integrasi teknologi digital dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP). Pengkaji akan (3) merungkai pendekatan yang sesuai berkaitan dengan tindakan sokongan yang diperlukan untuk integrasi teknologi digital dalam PdP melalui tema yang akan dibentangkan. Pengkaji juga melaksanakan langkah-langkah metodologi utama, iaitu dipandu oleh protokol tinjauan, merumuskan soalan penyelidikan, strategi carian sistematik berdasarkan pengenalan, pemeriksaan dan kelayakan beberapa pangkalan data yang ditubuhkan seperti Scopus dan Google Scholar. Langkah-langkah tersebut diikuti oleh penilaian kualiti, data pengeluaran dan analisis. Sebanyak enam tema telah ditemui berdasarkan tema analisis, iaitu (1) implementasi teknologi dalam PdP, (2) wujud pelbagai faktor kekangan integrasi teknologi, (3) guru memerlukan sokongan, iaitu, (4) sikap guru mempengaruhi Implementasi integrasi teknologi digital melalui pedagogi, (5) penggunaan platform digital dan (6) strategi. Guru memerlukan sokongan tatkala mereka menghadapi situasi sukar terutama melibatkan teknologi digital. Sokongan ini penting kepada guru untuk bersama dengan murid bagi meneroka laman sesawang atau mengguna pakai aplikasi digital yang dapat membantu mereka dalam proses PdP. Tanpa infrastruktur yang mencukupi dan sokongan bagi mewujudkan idea atau bimbingan kaedah yang baharu, maka guru lebih gemar untuk melaksanakan PdP secara konvensional. Hal demikian perlu diperhalusi agar murid tidak ketinggalan menggunakan teknologi. Perubahan diperlu agar aktiviti pembelajaran beralih daripada menggunakan pen dan kertas. 

ABSTRACT

The implementation of digital technology integration among mainstream schoolteachers in Malaysia requires efforts to be systematically studied in related topics. The involvement of students in digital technology, especially in learning, whether inside or outside the classroom, requires persistent and positive teachers to accept the challenges of the implementation of 21st-century education. The objective of this study is to carry out a systematic literature review (1) related to the implementation of digital technology integration in teaching and learning. (2) Explore the problems faced when involving the integration of digital technology in teaching and learning. The researcher will (3) dissect the appropriate approach related to the support and actions required for the integration of digital technology in teaching and learning through the themes that will be presented. The researcher carried out the main methodological steps, namely guided by the survey protocol, formulating research questions, and a systematic search strategy based on the identification, examination, and qualification of several established databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar, followed by quality assessment, data production, and analysis. Six themes have been discovered based on the theme of analysis: (1) implementation of technology in teaching and learning; (2) there are various factors that limit the integration of technology; (3) teachers need support, namely, (4) teachers’ attitudes influence the implementation of digital technology integration through pedagogy; (5) use of digital platforms; and (6) strategy. Teachers need support when they face difficult situations, especially when involving digital technology when exploring websites with students or using digital applications that can assist them in the teaching and learning process. Without sufficient infrastructure and without support to create new ideas or guidance, teachers prefer to implement teaching and learning conventionally. This needs to be refined so that students do not miss out on using technology. Changes are needed so that learning activities move away from using pen and paper.